Key Design Considerations for Steel Structure Industrial Plants
2025-03-31 
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1. Structural System Configuration
Preferred Systems:
Frame Structures: Primary choice for single-story plants requiring large spans
Frame-Shear Wall Systems: Suitable for multi-story facilities with process-compatible layouts
Layout Principles:
| Parameter | Requirement | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Column Grid | Symmetrical distribution | Minimizes torsional effects |
| Stiffness Center | Align with mass center | Reduces seismic response |
| Vertical Continuity | Avoid abrupt section changes | Prevents stress concentration |
Seismic Optimization:
Maintain balanced lateral stiffness in orthogonal directions
Typical span-to-column ratio: 6:1 (Longitudinal: 30-36m spans vs Transverse: 6-9m bays)
2. Site Selection Criteria
Seismic Considerations:
Prioritize non-seismic zones (＞7° intensity areas require special measures)
Integrated expansion/seismic joint strategies for long buildings (＞120m):
✓ Install 800mm post-pour strips at 40m intervals
✓ Reinforce thermal-sensitive areas (top/bottom floors, gable walls) with +15% rebar ratio
✓ Implement 150mm insulated roofing with 300mm ventilation cavity
3. Fire Protection Engineering
Material Behavior Analysis:
| Temperature | Steel Performance |
|---|---|
| 100-250°C | Tensile strength ↓ 10-15% |
| 250°C (Blue Brittleness) | Ductility ↓ 20% |
| 500°C | Load capacity <30% original |
Fire Rating Compliance:
Follow Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GB50016) classifications:
Fire Hazard Class Coating Requirement Class C/D (Most common) 2.5h fire resistance High-risk Areas Intumescent coatings ≥3.0mm
Protection Methods:
Spray-applied cementitious coatings (25-50mm thickness)
Board encapsulation systems (100mm mineral wool)
Critical beam-column joints: Hybrid protection (coating + fireproof cladding)
4. Thermal Deformation Control
Joint Detailing Standards:
Expansion joint spacing: ≤180m for enclosed structures
Sliding connections: Allow ±50mm lateral movement
Gasket materials:
✓ EPDM rubber (Compression set ≤25%)
✓ Silicone-based sealants (Movement accommodation ±25%)
5. Sustainable Design Features
Integrated photovoltaic roofing systems (BIPV)
Rainwater harvesting through curved roof profiles
Modular construction enabling 85% material reuse
This comprehensive approach ensures compliance with international standards (ISO 3010, EN 1993) while optimizing lifecycle costs. Implement BIM-based clash detection during detailed design phase to verify all structural interfaces.
